STUDY OF PILGRIMAGE (ZIYARAT) AS A FACTOR IN THE GROWTH OF RELIGIOUS AND TOURIST POTENTIAL OF THE TURKESTAN REGION

Abstract

This article examines pilgrimage as a symbol of veneration of holy places and an indicator of religious tourism as an active form of tourist routes. Sacred zones are identified as objects of spiritual and moral self-contemplation, as sites of religious and cultural centers that preserve the cultural identity of the Turkic peoples to this day. The article highlights the traditional method of self-improvement of Sufi mystics and spiritual leaders, who elevated the path of the "wandering traveler" to the level of Sufi tariqas, thereby enriching the religious spirituality of many peoples. Particular attention is given to holy and sacred sites, such as the mausoleums of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi and Baba Tukty Shashty Aziz, and the Ismail Ata memorial complex, which serve not only as religious but also as important cultural centers in southern Kazakhstan. Their activities played a decisive role in the spread of Islam, adapting it to Turkic identity. Furthermore, the relationship between visiting holy sites and cultural centers is examined, particularly in the context of Sufi traditions. Using examples from other countries, the study also highlights challenges in the purpose and organization of holy site tours, emphasizing their impact on spiritual well-being and a person's moral character.