INSTITUTIONS AND MEANS FOR ENSURING HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAMIC LAW

Abstract

This article examines the guarantees of human rights in Islam as one of the central foundations of the legal and ethical structures of Islamic civilization. It does so through an analysis of the legislative and value-based system established by Islam to protect the human being and preserve human dignity. The study aims to highlight the legal and institutional mechanisms that ensure the protection of human rights by linking rights to duties and considering them an integral part of divine obligation and religious responsibility.

The article demonstrates that Islam has established four interrelated levels for the protection of human rights and for moving from mere theoretical proclamation to practical implementation: the individual level, the societal level, the state level, and the level of regional or international cooperation aimed at preventing human rights violations and promoting peace and justice. The study also examines the most significant guarantees within Islam, including the comprehensiveness of Islamic legislation, the supervision of religious conscience, the realization of judicial justice, and the principle of the collective responsibility of the Muslim community in establishing justice. These guarantees are not limited to the legal dimension alone but extend to ethical and social dimensions that reinforce a culture of respect for human dignity and contribute to the realization of the objectives of Islamic law. In this regard, the Islamic system presents an integrated and balanced model that harmonizes freedom and responsibility, as well as individual rights and the public interest.