THE WORDS OF THE SAHABA AS SHARI'AH MASDAR

Abstract

The article provides brief information about the sources of Sharia law and their various types. The sources are categorized based on their origins, their authority, and their applicability in issuing legal rulings. Particular emphasis is placed on the concept of «the sayings of the Companions» (one of the secondary sources of Islamic legal evidence) and its position within Sharia. The analysis includes retrospective evaluations of the arguments of scholars who considered these sayings as legal evidence and those who opposed this view. The roles of the four major madhabs (Islamic legal schools) in this context are explored, highlighting their respective stances on the topic. In particular, the importance and application of these sources within the Maliki and Hanbali schools of jurisprudence are examined. Opinions and definitions by notable scholars regarding the sayings of the Companions are discussed, along with their distinct perspectives. The concept of «ijma' sukuuti» (silent consensus) is elucidated, its connection to the topic is explored, and the diverse scholarly interpretations are analyzed. Additionally, scholarly opinions on a specific hadith related to the Companions are examined.