THE CONCEPT OF MORAL OBLIGATION IN AL-QASIM AL-FARABI’S TREATISE «HALISAT AL-HAQA’IQ» AND ITS EDUCATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

Abstract

This article examines the theoretical and practical foundations of the concept of moral obligation in the treatise Halisat al-Haqa’iq by the Central Asian Hanafi scholar Abu al-Qasim al-Farabi/Fariabi (1130-1210). Al-Fariabi links moral obligation to faith, analyzing its role in spiritual perfection and personal development. He describes it as an inner spiritual force that regulates individual behavior and social interactions.

The study explores the categorical significance of moral obligation based on the works of Islamic scholars. It systematically analyzes the views of T. Gabitov, Abdullah Draz, Sheikh Nadim al-Jisri, Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, and al-Mawardi, comparing their methodological approaches to defining moral obligation. Additionally, the study examines its relationship with faith, ethics, responsibility, and religious duty within Islamic philosophy.

The research delves into key principles such as reason, responsibility, enjoining good, and forbidding evil, emphasizing the role of Islamic ethics in maintaining social stability and order. The religious and social aspects of moral obligation in medieval Islamic thought are also examined.

The article highlights the relevance of Islamic moral principles in contemporary society and their role in spiritual and ethical education. The findings reveal the historical, philosophical, and religious significance of moral obligation and its impact on shaping human character.